What changed under the May 2025 reform
Renewal was one of the areas most affected by Royal Decree 1155/2024, which came into force on 20 May 2025. Two changes in particular matter for language school students:
One renewal maximum. Language school students can now only renew their authorisation once, giving a total stay of two years. Before the reform, there was no fixed limit and some students renewed three or four times
DELE or SIELE exam result required. Continued enrolment at a school is no longer sufficient on its own. You must submit results from an official Spanish proficiency exam to demonstrate language progress
Higher-education students (university, master's, doctoral, higher vocational training) are not subject to the one-renewal cap. Their authorisation can be renewed to match the length of their programme. The DELE/SIELE requirement is specific to the language-school category.
Who can renew, and how many times
The renewal rules differ sharply by study type. The reform did not restrict university students' ability to renew, but it tightened the rules for language academy students significantly.
Most readers of this site
Language school students (Article 52.1.e)
Max renewals1 (2 years total)
DELE/SIELERequired
After 2 yearsMust leave Spain
Work permit switchNot available
Different rules
Higher education students (Article 52.1.a)
Max renewalsUnlimited (matches programme)
DELE/SIELENot required
After completion24-month job search or Art. 190 route
Work permit switchAllowed via Article 190
The two-year cap is firm
Language school students approaching the end of their second year cannot renew again, regardless of enrolment in a different course or a different school. The cap applies to the authorisation category, not the specific school. Students wanting to stay longer need to either leave Spain and reapply after a reasonable period, switch to a higher-education programme before the second year ends, or qualify for a different visa type.
The DELE or SIELE exam requirement
From May 2025, language school students renewing their authorisation must submit results from one of two official Spanish proficiency exams:
DELE (Diploma de Español como Lengua Extranjera) issued by the Instituto Cervantes. Levels A1 through C2. Convocations are held several times a year at official examination centres worldwide and in Spain
SIELE (Servicio Internacional de Evaluación de la Lengua Española). Electronic, modular, continuous availability (you can book any time). Results arrive within three weeks
The law does not specify a minimum level. In practice, you need to have sat the exam and have results to submit. Immigration lawyers familiar with the reform suggest that a level aligned with the time you have spent in Spain (roughly B1 after one year of intensive study) is a reasonable benchmark, though this is not a formal requirement. Participation with results is the threshold, not a specific pass level.
Many Instituto Cervantes-accredited schools are themselves DELE or SIELE examination centres, which simplifies logistics. Ask your school when you enrol whether they host exams.
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Start preparing during year one, not year two.
Students frequently leave the DELE decision until the last few weeks before renewal. DELE convocations only run a few times per year and results take 3 to 4 months after the exam. Plan your exam date so that the certificate (or at least the provisional result) is in hand 2 months before your renewal deadline. SIELE is faster on both counts if timing is tight.
When to file
Timing the renewal correctly matters. File too early and the application is rejected as premature. File too late and you fall outside the grace period and must leave Spain.
60 days before expiry
Earliest filing date
You can submit the renewal application up to 60 days before your current authorisation expires. Filing early is strongly recommended because your current authorisation remains valid while the renewal is under review.
Expiry date
Authorisation expires
If you have filed within the pre-expiry window, your authorisation is automatically extended (prórroga automática) while the renewal is being decided. If you have not filed yet, you enter the grace period.
1 to 90 days after expiry
Grace period (late filing)
Late applications are still accepted within the 90-day grace period, but a small administrative sanction applies. You are technically irregular during this period, so do not travel outside Spain.
Day 91 onwards
No renewal possible
After 90 days past expiry, renewal is no longer available. You must leave Spain and, if eligible, apply for a new initial authorisation from your home consulate.
The safe window is simple: file 30 to 60 days before your authorisation expires. This gives the Oficina de Extranjería time to process (resolution is promised within two months), keeps you comfortably legal, and avoids any late-filing sanction.
Documents you need
The renewal document package is similar to the initial visa, with a few key differences. You do not need to start over with apostilles and sworn translations from scratch (the background check is usually not required at renewal), but several documents must be fresh.
Form EX-00, the renewal application form. Submitted either in person at the Oficina de Extranjería or telematically through the Sede Electrónica
Current passport, with at least one year of remaining validity from the renewal application date
Current TIE card, both an original and a photocopy
New acceptance letter, confirming enrolment at a Cervantes-accredited school for the renewal period, with hours (minimum 20 per week) and payment confirmation
DELE or SIELE exam result from an official examination centre
Financial proof at the €600/month IPREM threshold, for the renewal period (e.g. €7,200 for a 12-month renewal). Bank statements for the last 3 months, stamped by the bank
Valid health insurance, from a DGSFP-registered Spanish insurer, covering the full renewal period with no copayments, no waiting periods, and full coverage
Updated empadronamiento, issued within the last 3 months from your local ayuntamiento
Proof of academic progress, typically attendance records from your school showing you attended classes during the prior year
Tasa 790/052 payment receipt, the renewal application fee of €17.64
Fees
The 2026 fees for a Spain student visa renewal break down as follows:
| Item | Authority | Cost |
| Renewal application | Tasa 790/052 | €17.64 |
| TIE card (if renewed) | Tasa 790/012 | €19.30 |
| DELE exam (A2 to B1) | Instituto Cervantes | ~€130 to €170 |
| SIELE global exam | SIELE centres | ~€185 |
| Health insurance (12 months) | DGSFP-registered insurer | ~€500 to €700 |
Total out-of-pocket for a renewal is typically €700 to €900, well below the cost of the original visa application (which also includes apostilles, sworn translations, and consulate fees). The renewal is filed in Spain, so there are no apostille or consulate fees.
How to file
There are two routes, and students can pick either one:
Route 1: Telematic filing (recommended)
Most renewals are now filed electronically through the Sede Electrónica of the Administración Pública. You need a digital certificate (certificado digital) or a cl@ve identity. Once you have either, you upload the application form (EX-00), scanned documents, and fee receipt through the system. Submission is instant, you get a timestamped acknowledgment, and the file goes to your province's Oficina de Extranjería for review.
The digital certificate itself takes an appointment at a Hacienda office or a one-off verification online, and is well worth getting for any Spanish bureaucratic process.
Route 2: In-person at the Oficina de Extranjería
You can also file in person at your local Oficina de Extranjería. You'll need a cita previa (prior appointment) booked at sede.administracionespublicas.gob.es under "Policía - Expedición de Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero" or similar. Slots in Madrid and Barcelona are typically scarce and are best booked a few weeks ahead. Bring originals and photocopies of every document.
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Do not travel during renewal processing.
While your renewal is under review, you are authorised to remain in Spain, but travelling outside Schengen and returning can be complicated if your TIE card has physically expired. If you need to travel, consult a gestor or extranjería lawyer before booking. Within Schengen travel is generally fine.
Planning to renew at a different school?
Enrol your second-year course through us at any Cervantes-accredited partner school and we negotiate a €500 discount on your course fees.
Get €500 off → Processing time and outcome
The Oficina de Extranjería is legally required to resolve renewal applications within two months of submission. In practice, resolution can take anywhere from 3 weeks to 3 months depending on the province. Madrid and Barcelona tend to be slower than smaller provinces like Granada or Salamanca.
Three outcomes are possible:
Approved. You receive the resolution by email (if filed telematically) or by post. You then book a separate appointment to have your new TIE card issued at the Policía Nacional. Bring the resolution, passport, and tasa 790/012 payment receipt
Additional documents requested. If any document is missing or unclear, you receive a requerimiento asking for further evidence. You have 10 business days to respond. Respond quickly and completely to avoid rejection
Refused. If the application is refused, the resolution explains why. You can appeal administratively (recurso de reposición) within 1 month, or judicially within 2 months. Refusal is uncommon if the documentation is complete
Silencio administrativo (administrative silence after 3 months) is technically positive for renewals, meaning the application is treated as approved if the deadline passes without a response. In practice, you will want an explicit resolution to present at the Policía Nacional for your new TIE card.
After your renewal is approved
Once the renewal is approved, you need to schedule two additional steps:
Get your new TIE card. Book a "Policía - Expedición de Tarjeta" appointment at the Policía Nacional. Bring the resolution, passport, and tasa 790/012 payment (€19.30). Fingerprints are taken again and the new card is ready 30 to 45 days later at a separate Recogida de TIE appointment
Update registrations as needed. If you moved address during your first year, update your empadronamiento. Update your bank, health insurance, and Social Security records with the new TIE number if applicable
What happens after your second year
For language school students, the two-year cap is firm. Several options exist at the end of the second year:
Leave Spain and return home. The straightforward option. You can re-apply for a new initial authorisation in the future if you wish to return, though there is no formal waiting period
Transition to a higher education programme. If you enrol in a university bachelor's, master's, doctoral, or higher vocational training programme before your second year expires, you can switch to a higher-education authorisation. This is not subject to the one-renewal cap and opens the path to Article 190 work-permit conversion
Apply for a different visa type. The digital nomad visa (for remote workers with qualifying income) or the non-lucrative residence visa (for people with passive income) are common alternatives. Both require fresh applications with their own thresholds
Claim time toward citizenship. Time lived in Spain on a student authorisation now counts proportionally toward the 10-year residency requirement for Spanish citizenship (2 years for Ibero-American nationals). Two years as a language student is not enough on its own but does not count for nothing
For higher-education students: Article 190
Students completing a university programme, master's, doctorate, or higher vocational training have substantially more options than language school students. Article 190 of RD 1155/2024 allows a direct modification from student status to a residence-and-work permit (cuenta ajena for employees, cuenta propia for self-employed) without returning home. The conditions:
Completion of studies, with a diploma, certificate, or formal confirmation from the institution
Ordinary work permit requirements must be met for the relevant category, such as a job offer or qualifying self-employed activity
Application within the window set by the regulation, typically within the validity of the student authorisation or shortly after
This is a significant simplification from the pre-reform rule, which required three years of residence before a student could become a worker. Higher-education students can also apply for a post-study job search authorisation of up to 24 months under Disposition Adicional 17 of Law 14/2013, useful if employment is not secured immediately after graduation. These routes are not available to language school students.
Summary
Renewing a Spain student visa under the post-May-2025 rules is manageable if you plan ahead. Language school students should book their DELE or SIELE exam during year one, gather documents 2 to 3 months before authorisation expiry, and file the renewal telematically between 60 and 30 days before expiry. The two-year cap is firm, so students wanting to stay longer should be planning an exit strategy (return home, switch to higher-education, or different visa category) from the start of their second year. Higher-education students are not subject to the cap and have the added option of converting to a work permit under Article 190 once studies are complete.
Legal basis
Articles 52 to 58, Reglamento de Extranjería (RD 1155/2024): student authorisation framework and renewal provisions
Article 190, Reglamento de Extranjería: modification of student authorisation to work permit for higher-education students
Disposición Adicional 17, Law 14/2013: post-study job search authorisation of up to 24 months
Instructions SEM 3/2025: transitional provisions including the "una única prórroga" rule for language students
Orden PCI/155/2024: tasa 790/052 and tasa 790/012 fee amounts
The one-renewal cap for language school students is widely applied by immigration lawyers and referenced in SEM 3/2025 transitional provisions, though the exact statutory article is debated in practice. Individual Oficinas de Extranjería can apply rules with local variation. If your case involves unusual circumstances (medical issues, family emergencies, programme changes), consult a qualified extranjería lawyer before filing. This is not legal advice.